in text citations
In Text Citations are used when 
or 
.
Quoting
- When using an author's exact words, give the authors' name, the year the book was written, and the page number. Use quotation marks.
Swaney (1999) states that being bitten by a Zimbabwean gaboon viper "means bye-bye unless antivenin is administered quickly" (p. 20).
OR
It is also stated that being bitten by a Zimbabwean gaboon viper "means bye-bye unless antivenin is administered quickly" (Swaney, 1999, p. 20).
- If you are going to quote more than 40 words, indent the quote with no quotation marks.
The snakes in 
can be quite frightening. For example:
The most sinister looking - and for good reason - is the flat, fat and bloated gaboon viper. It has a massive triangular head and grows to over 1m in length. Although it's not common, watch for it on walking tracks in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe; its bite means bye-bye unless antivenin is administered quickly. (Swaney, 1999, p. 20)
Paraphrasing
- When writing about another person's ideas in your own words, use the author's name and the year the book was written.
Swaney (1999) warns tourists to be careful of the very poisonous gaboon viper sometimes found in the mountains in the east of Zimbabwe. In fact, if one is planning to walk anywhere, it would be best to carry a snake-bite kit!
OR
We would be wise to carry a snake-bite kit when walking in Zimbabwe, especially in the mountains in the east (Swaney, 1999).
gaboon viper
Note: No author? Use the first few words of the title.
...cost of sodas (“Research and markets,“ 2010)
...in the report Research and markets (2010)
links
[i] More in text citations, for e.g., more than one author.
[ii] Figures - see "Images" for more detail on graphs, charts, maps, drawings, images & photographs.
definitions
quoting = to use another person's exact words
paraphrasing = to repeat something in your own words
Zimbabwe = an African country to the north of South Africa
Zimbabwe mountains